The ECB lifted its main refinancing rate to 2.40% and its deposit facility rate to 2.25%, citing inflation pressures following an Iran conflict-driven energy shock that pushed eurozone inflation to 3.2%. The surprise move comes as the eurozone economy shows signs of weakness, with GDP contracting 0.2% in Q1. Policymakers said the hike is aimed at preventing higher energy prices from becoming embedded in broader inflation. While this may draw criticism from some given the current growth context, the Bank actually has little choice. Unlike the Fed’s dual mandate of inflation and employment, the ECB has a single mandate: price stability. Note a big jump in the ECB's 26/27 inflation forecasts, offset by a drop in GDP forecasts HICP 2026: 3.0%, from 2.6% in March HICP 2027: 2.3%, from 2.0% HICP 2028: 2.1%, from 2.0% GDP 2026: 0.8%, from 0.9% GDP 2027: 1.2%, from 1.3% GDP 2028: 1.5%, from 1.4%

SOFR – FF is the spread between two key US short-term rates: 1/ SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate): the rate at which financial institutions borrow cash overnight, collateralized by US Treasuries (i.e. in the repo market). 2/ FF (Federal Funds rate, usually the effective fed funds rate, EFFR): the rate at which banks lend reserves to each other unsecured overnight. So the spread is secured rate minus unsecured rate. Under textbook conditions, secured borrowing is cheaper than unsecured borrowing — you're posting Treasuries as collateral, so the lender takes less risk and accepts a lower rate. That makes SOFR – FF slightly negative (typically a few basis points below zero) in calm markets. This is the "normal" state. SOFR materially below FF — usually means abundant reserves and ample cash chasing limited collateral. Cash holders accept low secured rates because they have nowhere else to put it. This is typically a sign of: - The Fed's RRP (reverse repo facility) being heavily used - QE having left the system flush - or scarcity of high-quality collateral (Treasury bills, in particular). Source: zerohedge

Source: TrendSpider