The Federal Reserve generally struck a more hawkish tone in the recent days, even if the latest CPI inflation report showed milder than expected inflationary pressures in June. In his first congressional testimony as Chair, Kevin Warsh stressed the Fed’s independence and reaffirmed that restoring price stability remains the overriding objective after years of above-target inflation. He dismissed the softer-than-expected June CPI report as insufficient evidence that the inflation battle has been won and indicated a willingness to consider further tightening if needed. Earlier in the week, Governor Christopher Waller also warned that another strong core inflation reading could justify higher rates. Minutes from the latest FOMC meeting also pointed to the same direction, showing policymakers have abandoned any easing bias and now view inflation risks linked to energy, tariffs and AI-driven demand as the dominant policy concern. In this context, markets continue to expect at least one rate hike from the Fed by the end of 2026.
The ECB also remains focus on potential inflationary risks. Higher oil prices recently revived inflation concerns and minutes of the June meeting (when the key rate was raised by 25bp) emphasized a measured approach, with policymakers avoiding any pre-commitment on the future rate path. Market expectations for ECB rates have risen again with the latest rise in oil prices, and future rates now price an increase of 40bp by year end (i.e. one 25bp rate hike and a 60% probability of a second one). Expectations for BoE rates rose in parallel and also sit between one and two rate hikes by the end of the year.
Credit
Corporate credit spreads were resilient last week despite higher government bond yields and the renewed US-Iran tensions. Total returns were broadly flat across high yield segments but negative in investment grade (IG). Rising U.S. Treasury and Bund yields were weighing on IG segment due to their longer duration nature.
Since mid-May, oil prices have fallen sharply while government bond yields have continued to rise, highlighting that interest rates, not energy prices, remain the primary driver of credit valuations.
Credit spreads in fact tightened across U.S. HY, EUR IG and EUR HY. The only exception was U.S. IG, where spreads widened modestly by 2 basis point (bp) to 77bp, reflecting exceptionally heavy primary issuance rather than deteriorating credit quality.
Amazon's $25 billion bond offering brought global hyperscaler issuance to nearly $200 billion year-to-date. Oversubscription for these jumbo technology transactions has declined to around 2x, compared with more than 4x late last year, suggesting some investor fatigue. Nevertheless, demand for non-USD hyperscaler issuance, particularly in euros and Swiss francs, remains strong.
EUR IG recorded another week of solid inflows, concentrated in intermediate maturities, while long-duration funds had four consecutive weeks of outflows. EUR HY also attracted fresh inflows.
On the corporate front, S&P downgraded Oracle to BBB- (Stable), citing higher-than-expected cash burn related to AI investments. Nevertheless, its legacy enterprise software business continues to generate recurrent cashflow.
Looking ahead, higher all-in yields should continue to underpin investor demand. Last week, all-in yield increased by 10 bp higher to 5.3% in U.S. IG and 3.6% in EUR IG, offering attractive income without materially increasing default risk.